Ford Endura-E / Rocam

Ford's small pushrod four — Endura-E, and its Brazilian development the Zetec Rocam — in the Fiesta, Ka, Escort, EcoSport and Courier.

⚑ Its ancestry is the Kent engine of 1959, and the design shows it: overhead valves operated by pushrods, an iron block, and a simplicity that kept it in production in South America decades after Europe moved on.

It is a pushrod engine, so there is no timing belt to schedule — a real advantage over the belt-driven fours beside it, and one fewer expensive surprise on a car of this age.

Its complaints are old-fashioned: a distributor that fails with heat on the earlier cars, an idle control valve that carbons up, and inlet gaskets that harden and leak unmetered air. The Rocam adds roller followers and a coil pack and is the more refined of the two, but the fault list is largely shared.

The Zetec name on the Rocam is marketing rather than lineage — it shares nothing with the European Zetec, which is a twin-cam belt-driven design. Two engines, one badge.