Cause
Turbocharger changeover valve stuck
The valve switching between turbochargers or between stages of a sequential system, seized. Sequential arrangements use a small turbocharger low down and a larger one higher up, and this valve directs flow between them.
Stuck in the low-speed position, the engine builds boost quickly and runs out at the top; stuck in the high-speed position it is lazy low down and strong once spinning. That asymmetry across the rev range is the signature and no fuelling fault reproduces it. The valve sits in the exhaust stream, so carbon on the spindle and corrosion in the bore are what hold it. Disconnect the actuator and move the valve by hand — a seized valve and a failed actuator produce the same code and want different repairs.
Typically specialist work. Needs equipment or training most home workshops do not have.
Some of these codes mean you should stop driving
1 of the 1 codes this can cause indicate a fault where continuing to drive risks damage or is unsafe. Which one you have matters more than the cause does — read the code's own page before deciding.
Codes this can cause (1)
Codes where this is a likely explanation first, rather than merely a possible one.
Information, not instruction
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Have anything you intend to act on checked by a trained person against the manufacturer's own procedure for your vehicle. Nothing here replaces that procedure.
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