Перегорела лампа контроля зарядки

The charge warning lamp's bulb blown, which on many alternators stops the charging system working at all. The lamp is not merely an indicator — it is part of the circuit. Current through the bulb provides the alternator's initial field excitation, so without it the alternator may never begin to charge.

That produces a genuinely confusing fault: no charging, no warning lamp, and an alternator that tests perfectly on a bench. A vehicle with a flat battery and a dark charge lamp is this far more often than people expect, and the dark lamp is the clue rather than the reassurance it appears to be.

Modern vehicles with LED clusters or module-driven lamps behave differently, so this applies mainly to older designs — but the principle survives: the excitation circuit must be intact. Check the bulb and its holder before condemning an alternator, and note that fitting an LED in place of the filament bulb causes exactly the same failure by passing too little current.