برداشتن یا تخلیه فیلتر ذرات

The filter's substrate removed and the casing refitted empty. It is a deliberate modification rather than a fault, usually done to avoid the cost of a replacement, and the module detects it because the physics change.

The signature is unmistakable: near-zero differential pressure at all loads. A working filter always shows a measurable restriction, so a pressure difference that stays at zero under load means there is nothing in the casing. Visible soot from the tailpipe confirms it. In most jurisdictions this makes the vehicle illegal for road use and will fail its test — and reinstating a genuine filter is the only repair. Establish it early, because every other diagnosis on that system is meaningless until it is known.