Fault in the external charging equipment

The charge point, its cable, or the supply behind it is at fault rather than the vehicle.

This belongs in the corpus because the car cannot tell the difference, and neither can the owner. A failed handshake looks identical from the driver's seat whether the vehicle could not ask or the equipment could not answer — and the vehicle logs a code either way, which makes it look like the car's problem.

The test is free and it should always come first: try a different charge point, and a different cable. Public charge points are outdoor machines maintained by third parties; their pilot electronics drift, their cables are driven over, and their supplies trip. A tethered cable at a public site has been handled by thousands of people. A vehicle that charges normally somewhere else has told you everything you need to know.

Domestic installations have their own list, and it is worth walking before blaming the car: a tripped breaker or RCD, a granny lead on a worn socket, an extension lead that should never have been used, or a wallbox that has faulted and needs resetting. Long or thin extension leads are a genuine cause rather than merely bad practice — the voltage drop under sustained current can be enough to abort a session.

Where this cause is genuinely likely, the code is usually a Range/Performance or intermittent one rather than a hard open or short: the equipment is present and communicating, just not correctly. A charge that starts and then stops points here at least as often as it points at the car.